Order #

Test Name

Academic Price

Industry Price

Stable Isotopes: Enrichment and Concentration

Y4050

Amino acids

$15 per sample

$75 per sample

BCAA and phenylalanine, gluconeogenic amino acids, and glutamate and GABA concentration, and ¹³C or ²H isotopic enrichments, are measured (as the trifluoro-acetamide n-butyl ester derivatives) using GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 20 µl plasma, or 50 mg tissue.

Y4051

Beta-hydroxybutyrate

$15 per sample

$75 per sample

Plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration, and ¹³C or ²H isotopic enrichments, are measured (as the TMS derivative) using GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 20 µl plasma.

Y4052

Free fatty acid

$15 per sample

$75 per sample

Total serum non-esterified fatty acid concentrations are measured using an acyl-CoA oxidase-based colorimetric kit (Wako NEFA-C, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan). For measurements of free fatty acid profiles, and isotopic enrichments, ¹³C, or ²H, the lipids are extracted from plasma with heptane/isopropanol. This solvent is evaporated and the free fatty acids are methylated using diazomethane), and analyzed by GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 20 µl plasma.

Y4053

Glucose

$5 per sample

$25 per sample

Plasma glucose concentrations are measured by the glucose oxidase method (Glucose Analyzer II; Beckman Instruments, Fullerton, CA). ¹³C, or ²H, isotopic enrichments, are measured (as the penta-acetate derivative) using GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 20 µl plasma.

Y4054

Glycerol

$5 per sample

$25 per sample

Plasma glycerol concentrations, ¹³C, or ²H, isotopic enrichments, are measured (as the tri-acetate derivative) using GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 20 µl plasma.

Y4055

Glycogen

$15 per sample

$75 per sample

Liver, and muscle glycogen is extracted with 0.9 N perchloric acid and 99% ethanol to precipitate glycogen. The glycogen from the pellet is dialysed, and digested to free glucose with amyloglucosidase. Concentrations are determined as described above for glucose. These measurements can be made in 10 mg tissue. Specific carbon labeling is determined by ¹³C-NMR (Avance 500, Bruker, Inc. Billerica, MA). Total ¹³C, or ²H, isotopic enrichments are determined (as the penta-acetate derivative) using GC-MS (HP 5973MSD, Hewlett-Packard Instrument Corp., Palo Alto, CA). These measurements can be made in 100 mg tissue.

Y4057

Long-chain fatty acyl CoA esters

$15 per sample

$75 per sample

Frozen tissue (~100mg), liver or muscle, is ground under liquid nitrogen and homogenized in 100mM KH₂PO₄, pH 4.9 and 2-propanol. Heptadecanoyl CoA was added as internal standard. Saturated (NH₄)₂SO₄ and acetonitrile are added for phase separation solid phase extraction using Oligonucleotide Purification Cartridges (Applied Biosystems, Singapore). The cartridges are washed with distilled water, and then long-chain fatty acyl CoA esters (LCACoAs) are eluted slowly with 0.5ml of 60% acetonitrile. The eluent is dried, then reconstituted in 100µl of methanol/H₂O for ESI/MS/MS analysis. Analysis is performed on a bench top tandem mass spectrometer API3000 (Perkin-Elmer Sciex) interfaced with a TurboIonspray ionization source in flow injection mode.Using negative electrospray ionization mode, LCACoAs are ionized predominantly to doubly charged form and yields abundant specific product ions from CID (collision induced dissociation). LCACoAs are quantified by monitoring [M-2H]²-/ [M-H-80]-.

Y4059

ADP, ATP

$15 per sample

$75 per sample

Tissues (50 to 100 mg) are extracted with 0.9N ice-cold perchloric acid. The concentrations of nucleotides, ATP, ADP, and AMP, in the supernatent are then determined by HPLC using a Supelcosil SAX1 (25cm x 4.6 mm x 0.5 _m) column using a gradient of 5 mM ammonium phosphate, pH2.8 (buffer A) and 750 mM ammonium phosphate, pH 3.9 (buffer B) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. A linear gradient is developed over 14 minutes at 0% buffer B to 9% buffer B, then from 14 to 32 minutes from 9% buffer B to 100% buffer B. A Rainin HPXL solvent delivery system (2 pumps) with a Rainin Dynamax UV-1 absorbance detector (254 nm) controlled by Rainin Dynamax HPLC Method Manager is used for solvent programming and data collection. Peak identification was assigned by comparison of retention times to known external standards (AMP: ~ 5.5 min, ADP: ~ 25.7 min, ATP: ~ 29.0 min). Nucleotide concentrations were calculated from the concentration standard curves of absorbance for the external standards

Serum Metabolic Panel

(An additional charge of $7 per test batch will be assessed for calibrators and controls.)

A serum metabolic panel is obtained using the COBAS MIRA system (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN). The metabolic panel is grouped into commonly reported panels: Chem 7, Liver Function Tests, Lipid Profile, and Divalent ions. Tests may be selected as a panel, or individual tests within a panel may be requested. Plasma volumes required vary dependant on the tests requested, with a range of 5 to 100 µl with a minimum of 75 µl required for accurate sampling.

Y4070

Chem 7
A complete panel consists of five analytical tests. The cost for a complete Chem 7 Panel is 5 times the price indicated above for each analysis. A subset of the complete panel can be chosen.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.38 each analysis

The serum chemicals are as follows (please review individual test specifications, listed below, for sample preparation requirements):

1. BUN (blood urea nitrogen)
2. Chloride
3. CO₂ (carbon dioxide)
4. Creatinine
5. Glucose
6. Potassium
7. Sodium

Y4071

Liver Function Tests
A complete panel consists of seven analytical tests. The cost for a complete Liver Function Test panel is 7 times the price indicated above for each analysis. A subset of the complete panel can be chosen.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.38 each analysis

The serum chemicals, and enzyme activities, measured are as follows (please review individual test specifications, listed below, for sample preparation requirements):

1. Albumin
2. ALT: Alanine Transferase
3. ALP: Alkaline Phosphatase
4. AST: Aspatate Aminotransferase
5. Total Bilirubin

Y4072

Lipid
A complete panel consists of six analytical tests. The cost for a complete Lipid Panel is 6 times the price indicated above for each analysis. A subset of the complete panel can be chosen.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$22.12 each analysis

The serum chemicals, and enzyme activities, measured are as follows (please review individual test specifications, listed below, for sample preparation requirements):

1. Non-esterified fatty acids
2. ß-Hydroxybutyrate
3. Cholesterol
4. HDL-cholesterol direct
5. LDL-cholesterol direct
6. Triglycerides

Y4073

Divalent Ions
A complete panel consists of three analytical tests. The cost for a complete panel is 3 times the price indicated above for each analysis. A subset of the complete panel can be chosen.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

The serum divalent ions measured are as follows (please review individual test specifications, listed below, for sample preparation requirements):

1. Calcium
2. Inorganic Phosphorus
3. Magnesium

Y4083

Blood Glucose
Measures serum or plasma glucose levels by the Hexokinase (HK) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-P-DH) reactions. The test is performed on a Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Submit serum or EDTA plasma, or heparinized sample collected by standard technique. The stability of glucose in specimens is affected by storage temperature, bacterial contamination, and glycolysis. Plasma or serum samples without a preservative should be separated from the cells or clot within a half hour of being drawn. Glycolysis can be inhibited by collecting the specimen in sodium fluoride. Glucose in a sodium-fluoride-oxalate mixture is reported to be stable for up to 24 hours at 25C.

Y4084

Blood Urea Nitrogen
Blood urea nitrogen concentration in serum or plasma is measured using the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Serum or plasma collected with heparin or EDTA, separated from cells as soon as possible after collection, may be submitted. Do not submit grossly hemolyzed samples. Store samples for no longer than 8 hours at room temperature. For longer storage, refrigerate or freeze the samples. If the samples show evidence of bacterial contamination do not use.

Y4085

Blood Creatinine-HPLC
Creatinine concentration is measured by HPLC/MS/MS.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Y4086

Urine Creatinine-HPLC
Creatinine concentration is measured by HPLC/MS/MS.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Y4087

Blood Electrolytes-Na/Cl/K
Chloride, potassium, and sodium are measured using ion-selective electrodes on the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer. All three analytes are measured simultaneously, and are therefore ordered and billed as a single analysis.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Use serum free of hemolysis and gross lipemia, collected by standard venipuncture technique. For plasma collections, use only lithium-heparin. CAUTION: do not allow serum to remain on the cells after centrifugation. Potassium from the red cells will diffuse into the serum, giving falsely elevated results. Release of potassium from as few as 0.5% of eythrocytes can increase the serum level by 0.5 mmol/L. Potassium results from hemolyzed specimens whose hemolysis is certain to have occurred in vivo can be reported at the discretion of the laboratory director, taking into account the time course of the in vivo hemolysis. Gross lipemia causes pseudohyponatremia. Grossly lipemic specimens should be cleared by ultracentrifugation.

Y4088

Urine Electrolytes-Na/K/Cl
Chloride, potassium, and sodium concentrations are measured using ion-selective electrodes on the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer. All three measurements are conducted simultaneously, and are therefore ordered and billed as a single analysis.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Collect 24-hour urine without additives. Store refrigerated during collection. Turbid urine samples should be cleared by centrifugation.

Y4089

Blood Bicarbonate/CO2
The CO2 concentration measurement is performed on blood, serum, or plasma on a Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Use serum or heparinized plasma from venous blood, collected anaerobically, as per procedures recommended for CO2 analysis. Store the samples in ice water under anaerobic conditions if the assay is delayed. The serum CO2 content is stable up to one hour when stored under these conditions.

Y4091

Blood Albumin
Blood albumin concentration measurements are conducted on the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer, using the albumin-bromcresol green reaction.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Submit clear unhemolyzed serum, or EDTA plasma.

Y4092

Alanine Aminotransferase
ALT activity in serum or plasma is measured on the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: The assay may be performed using serum, EDTA plasma or heparinized plasma. Do not use hemolyzed samples. The ALT content in erythrocytes is about 3 to 5 times higher than in serum. The enzyme in serum has been reported to be stable for three days at 30C and for one week in the refrigerator (2-8C). no loss of ALT activity was found in spiked serum samples left at -20C for three months.

Y4093

Aspartate Aminotransferase
Aspartate aminotransferase activity in serum or plasma is measured on the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: The assay may be performed using serum, EDTA plasma, or heparinized plasma. The enzyme in serum has been reported to be stable for a minimum of 7 days at 4C.

Y4094

Alkaline Phosphatase
The concentration of alkaline phosphatase (E.C. 3.1.3.1) activity in serum or plasma is conducted on the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Nonhemolyzed serum is the preferred sample. Heparinized plasma may also be used. Oxalate, fluoride, citrate, and EDTA inhibit alikaline phosphatase, and are unsuitable as anticoagulents. Samples should be kept cold and assayed as soon as possible after collection. A timed routine for sample collection and analysis should be established for each experiment, because ALP levels in serum of plasma, or in reconstituted control serum, rise significantly when stored at 2-8C or at room temperature.

Y4095

Total Bilirubin
Total bilirubin concentration in serum is measured using the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Use serum collected by standard technique. Do not submit hemolyzed samples. Bilirubin is unstable in the samples and the assay should be completed within 2 hours from collection. If longer delay is unavoidable, refrigerate the samples. Protect samples from direct solar and artificial light. Bilirubin in samples frozen at -15C are stable for two months. If samples show evidence of bacterial contamination, do not use.

Y4097

Total Protein
Total protein concentration in serum or plasma is measured using the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Either serum, EDTA plasma or heparinized plasma may be used. Specimens are stable for at least seven days at room temperature (15-25C) when held in tightly closed containers or 30 days when refrigerated (2-8C). Samples may also be frozen.

Y4098

HDL Cholesterol
HDL cholesterol concentration in serum or plasma is measured using the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Use serum or heparin, EDTA, sodium fluoride or anti-coagulated plasma, collected by standard technique.

Y4099

LDL Cholesterol
LDL cholesterol concentration in serum or plasma is measured using the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Use serum or heparinized plasma collected by standard technique. After sampling, the test should be performed without delay. Repeated freezing and thawing should be avoided.

Y5000

Cholesterol
Total serum or plasma cholesterol concentrations are measured using the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Use serum or heparinized plasma or EDTA plasma collected by standard venipuncture technique.

Y5001

Triglycerides
Triglycerides concentration in serum or plasma is conducted on a Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Use serum, heparinized or EDTA plasma collected by standard venipuncture technique. Separate from cells within 2 hours. The patient should be fasting. Triglycerides in the sample are stable for 3 months at -20C. Storage of the samples at room temperature is not recommended since phospholipids may hydrolyze, releasing free glycerol, with a resulting apparent increase of triglycerides in the sample.

Y5002

Non-Esterified Fatty Acids
Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentrations in serum are measured ib the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Use serum as a specimen. Blood should be collected after a fast. Any specimen containing heprin is unsuitable for this analysis. Hence, any patient recieving heparin therapy, or any specimen collected in a heparinized collection vessel is unsuitable for analysis. Specimens that are noticeably icteric, hemolyzed, or lipemic will require a sample blank in order to yield accurate results. A sample blank requires a minimum serum volume equal to that of the normal assay, and will be billed as a separate assay.

Y5003

Beta-Hydroxybutyrate (COBAS)
Beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration in serum or plasma is measured utilizing the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Serum or plasma collected with heparin, sodium fluoride, or EDTA can be used in this assay. Serum or plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate levels are stable at least one week if kept refrigerated (2-8C).

Y5004

Blood Calcium
Calcium concentrations in serum are measured utilizing the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Serum is the preferred specimen. Heparinized plasma may also be used. Hemolyzed samples should net be used. Plasma prepared using EDTA, oxalate, citrate, which function by removal of calcium, should not be used. Store serum samples in the refrigerator (2-8C).

Y5005

Blood Inorganic Phosphorous
Inorganic phosphorous concentration is measured in serum using the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Use only non-hemolyzed serum, separated from the erythrocytes as soon as possible. Erythrocytes contain organic phosphates which can hydrolyze on standing or can be enzymatically cleaved by phosphatases. Inorganic phosphates can then leak through the cell walls, increasing the concentration in serum. Once the serum has been separated, the phosphate content will not change for at least a week when stored in the refrigerator at 2-8C.

Y5006

Urine Inorganic Phosphorous
Inorganic phosphorous concentration in urine is measured on the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Urine samples should be fresh. If alkaline, the urine should be acidified with concentrated HCl to a pH of approximately 6. Store acidified urine in the refrigerator (2-8C); reported stability is over 6 months.

Y5007

Magnesium
Serum magnesium concentration is measured on the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Fresh, clear, unhemolyzed serum is the specimen of choice.

Y5008

Creatine Kinase
Creatine kinase activity in serum is measured on the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Serum is the specimen to be used in this assay. Plasma should not be used. Avoid exposure of samples to strong light. Store samples at 2-8C for less than one week. Frozen samples (-20C) are stable for one month. Hemolyzed sample should not be used since erythrocyte contaminants will interfere with the assay.

Y5009

Lactate Dehydrogenase
Lactate dehydrogenase activity is measured in serum utilizing the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Serum separated from the cells as soon as possible, is the sample of choice. Erythrocytes contain about 100 times the LDH concentration of serum; is has been reported that the LDH activity may rise by 25% in one hour if the serum is allowed to remain in contact with the clot. Hemolyzed samples, for the same reasons, are unsuitable. Slow freezing and thawing may result in as much as 70% loss in LDH activity. Plasma is unsuitable for LDH assays.

Y5010

Apolipoprotein C3
Human apolipoprotein (ApoC3) in serum is measured by immunoturbidimetric assay, utilizing the Roche COBAS Mira Plus automated chemistry analyzer.

Plasma $6.00
or
Urine $7.20
each analysis

$18.77 each analysis

Sample Specifications: Serum is the sample of choice. Use fresh serum if possible. If serum will be frozen, seal tube from air and avoid repeated freeze/thawing. Long term storage is not recommended.

Hormones

Y4080

Insulin

$6.00
per
sample

$30.00 per sample

Plasma immunoreactive insulin is assayed using a double-antibody immunoassay kit and rat insulin standards (Linco Research, St. Louis, MO).

Y4081

Glucagon

$6.00
per
sample

$30.00 per sample

Plasma immunoreactive glucagon is assayed using a double-antibody immunoassay kit (Linco Research, St. Louis, MO).

Y4082

Leptin

$6.00
per
sample

$30.00 per sample

Plasma immunoreactive leptin is assayed using a double-antibody immunoassay kit (Linco Research, St. Louis, MO)